Europe Since 1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of War and Reconstruction (5 Volume set)

Europe Since 1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of War and Reconstruction (5 Volume set)
Publisher: Charles Scribner's Sons | ISBN: 0684313650 | edition 2006 | PDF | 2500 pages | 66,2 mb
The scope of the encyclopedia is extensive. It contains 920 alphabetically arranged articles, beginning with Abortionand ending with Zyklon B.Entries range in length from approximately one to seven pages. Articles are signed and include cross-references. A bibliography concludes each entry. Contributors are primarily academics from Europe and North America. As demonstrated by the "Systematic Outline of Contents," found in volume 5, entries fall under 15 broad categories, including "Concepts and Ideas," "Law, Justice, and Crime," "Philosophy and Intellectual Life," and "Places." A significant portion of the encyclopedia is dedicated to topics related to war and international relations (Cold war, European Union, World War I, World War II); political history (Russian Revolution of 1917); and economic history (Capitalism). The work also contains biographies of major historical figures primarily in the areas of art and culture (Orwell, George) and political history (Gorbachev, Mikhail).
Download | Hotfile
http://hotfile.com/dl/89696434/6d36e2e/6959.rar.html

View the original article here

Paul Hohenberg, Lynn Lees - The Making of Urban Europe, 1000-1994

Paul Hohenberg, Lynn Lees - The Making of Urban Europe, 1000-1994
Publisher: Harvard University Press | 1995-08-11 | ISBN: 0674543629 | PDF | 448 pages | 21.34 MB

Europe became a land of cities during the last millennium. The story told in this book begins with North Sea and Mediterranean traders sailing away from Dorestad and Amalfi, and with warrior kings building castles to fortify their conquests. It tells of the dynamism of textile towns in Flanders and Ireland. While London and Hamburg flourished by reaching out to the world and once vibrant Spanish cities slid into somnlence, a Russian urban network slowly grew to rival that of the West. Later as the tide of industrialization swept over Europe, the most intense urban striving and then settled back into the merchant cities and baroque capitals of an earlier era.
By tracing the large-scale precesses of social, economic, and political change within cities, as well as the evolving relationships between town and country and between city and city, the authors present an original synthsis of European urbanization within a global context. They divide their study into three time periods, making the early modern era much more than a mere transition from preindustrial to industrial economies. Through both general analyzes and incisive case studies, Hohenberg and Lees show how cities originated and what conditioned their early development and later growth. How did urban activity respond to demographic and techological changes? Did the social consequences of urban life begin degradation or inspire integration and cultural renewal? New analytical tools suggested by a systems view of urban relations yield a vivid dual picture of cities both as elements in a regional and national heirarchy of central places and also as junctions in a transnational network for the exchange of goods, information, and influence.
A lucid text is supplemented by numerous maps, illustrations, figures, and tables, and by substantial bibliography. Both a general and a scholarly audience will find this book engrossing reading.

View the original article here